Originally Posted by Gabe15

No Musa are known to be poisonous, so yes they are all technically edible.

However, the difference between wild species and the cultivated varieties goes much deeper than just not having seeds, there is a complex synergy of things going on inside of edible cultivars that make them edible and separate them from wild species. The most important aspect of edible bananas is parthenocarpy caused by an autonomous auxin release in the fruit during development. This allows the fruit to grow without pollination, but in order to have a seedless fruit, some form of sterility must coincide with parthenocarpy. Not all parthenocarpic varieties are sterile, so many normally seedless bananas will form seeds with a source of pollen. The most successful and popular varieties however generally do not form seeds, which means that they are both parthenocarpic and have some level of sterility. The combination of parthenocarpy and sterility was selected by humans over thousands of years and the plants grown specifically for eating the fruit, so these varieties are called "edible" to distinguish them from wild species which have not had human intervention for fruit cultivation.