Musa - Revision history

Lorax: /* Cultivars */

2008-10-10T17:24:57Z

Cultivars

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:24, 10 October 2008
Line 123:		Line 123:
	===Cultivars===		===Cultivars===

-	[[Musa 'Ae Ae']]	+	Many. See [[List of Musa Cultivars]] for a complete list.

	==External==		==External==
	*Links		*Links
	*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]		*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]

MediaHound: /* Section Musa */

2007-07-16T06:45:59Z

Section Musa

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:45, 16 July 2007
Line 81:		Line 81:
	[[Musa sikkimensis]]		[[Musa sikkimensis]]
	[[Musa thomsonii]] [see note]		[[Musa thomsonii]] [see note]
-	[[Musa velutina]] [see note]	+	[[Musa_Velutina\|Musa velutina]] [see note]
	[[Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue']] [see note]		[[Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue']] [see note]
	[[Musa sp. 'VN1-054']] [see note]		[[Musa sp. 'VN1-054']] [see note]

MediaHound: /* Description */

2007-01-02T04:04:22Z

Description

←Older revision		Revision as of 04:04, 2 January 2007
Line 1:		Line 1:
	==Description==		==Description==
-	The general description of the cultivar.	+
		+
		+	Musa is one of three genera in the family [[Musaceae]]; it includes the [[banana]]s and [[plantain]]s. There are over 50 species of ''Musa'' with a broad variety of uses. The word [[banana]] came via Portuguese or Spanish from a West African language (possibly Wolof) circa 1597 and is now in most Western languages, whereas the scientific name for the genus is similar to the Arabic and Persian names for just the fruit.
		+
		+	===Wild Musa species===
		+	The genus ''Musa'' was traditionally classified into five sections (''[[Ingentimusa]], [[Australimusa]], [[Callimusa]], [[Musa]],'' and ''[[Rhodochlamys]]'') but these have recently (2002) been reduced to three(''[[Ingentimusa]], [[Callimusa]],'' and ''[[Musa]]''). Previously, the 2n = 20 chromosome species were separated into the sections ''[[Australimusa]]'' and ''[[Callimusa]]'' and the 2n = 22 chromosome species were separated into the sections ''[[Musa]]'' and ''[[Rhodochlamys]]''. Recently, studies by Carol Wong and colleagues in Singapore have revealed that genetic differences between each section in the same chromosome group are smaller than those within each section. This means that the traditional separation of the sections can no longer be substantiated. Wong's studies do, however, maintain the separation between the 20 and 22 chromosome species. At present the 14 chromosome ''[[Ingentimusa]]'' section remains distinct.
		+
		+	===Edible bananas===
		+
		+	A number of distinct groups of edible bananas have been developed from species of ''Musa''. By far the largest and now the most widely distributed group is derived from ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' (mainly) and ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' either alone or in various hybrid combinations. The next but much smaller group is derived from members of section ''[[Callimusa]]'' (previously classified as ''[[Australimusa]]'') and is restricted in importance to Polynesia. Of even more restricted importance are small groups of hybrids in Papua New Guinea; a section ''Musa'' group to which ''[[Musa schizocarpa]]'' has also contributed and a group of section ''Musa'' x section ''Callimusa'' hybrids.
		+
		+	From the time of Linnaeus until the 1940's, different types of edible bananas and plantains were given Linnaean binomial names, such as ''[[Musa cavendishii]]'' as if they were species. In fact, edible bananas have an extremely complicated origin involving hybridization, mutation, and finally selection by humans. The giving of species names to what are actually very complex hybrids led to endless confusion in banana botany. In the 1940s and 1950s, it became clear that the cultivated bananas and plantains could not usefully be assigned Linnean binomials, but are better given [[cultivar]] names. An alternate genome-based system for the nomenclature of the section ''Musa'' bananas was devised.
		+
		+	As mentioned above, the main group of edible bananas are derived from ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' and ''[[Musa balbisiana]]''. As an example of the application of the genome based nomenclature system, the plant previously known by the "species" name ''[[Musa cavendishii]]'' became ''[[Musa]]'' (AAA group) '[[Dwarf Cavendish]]'. The "new" name shows clearly that '[[Dwarf Cavendish]]' is a triploid, with three sets of chromosomes, all derived from ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' designated by the letter "A". When ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' is involved the letter "B" is used to denote its genome. Thus the cultivar '[[Rajapuri]]' is correctly written as ''Musa'' (AAB group) 'Rajapuri'. '[[Rajapuri]]' is also a triploid with two sets of chromosomes from ''Musa acuminata'' and one from ''Musa balbisiana''. In the edible bananas genome combinations such as AA, BB, ABB, BBB and even AAAB can be found.
		+
		+	No such nomenclature system has been developed for the next group of edible bananas derived from section ''[[Callimusa]]''. However, this group is known generally as the "Fe'i" or "Fehi" bananas and there are numerous cultivars of this group in the South Pacific region. They are very distinctive plants with upright fruit bunches and feature in three of Paul Gauguin's paintings. The flesh can be cooked before eating, is bright orange (with a high level of beta-carotene). The Fe'i bananas are no longer very important for food, as imported foods have grown in popularity, although some have ritual significance. Investigations are underway to use the Fe'i karat in prevention of childhood blindness in Pohnpei. It is probable that the Fe'i bananas derive mainly from ''[[Musa maclayi]]'' although their origins are not as well understood as the section ''Musa'' bananas. Cultivars can be formally named as in this example, ''Musa'' (Fe'i group) 'Utafun'.

	==Species List==		==Species List==

MediaHound: /* Section Ingentimusa */

2007-01-02T03:50:35Z

Section Ingentimusa

←Older revision		Revision as of 03:50, 2 January 2007
Line 7:		Line 7:
	from Papua New Guinea		from Papua New Guinea

-	Musa ingens	+	[[Musa ingens]]

	===Section Callimusa===		===Section Callimusa===

MediaHound: /* Section Callimusa */

2007-01-02T03:49:25Z

Section Callimusa

←Older revision		Revision as of 03:49, 2 January 2007
Line 12:		Line 12:
	(incorporating Australimusa)		(incorporating Australimusa)

-	M. alinsanaya	+	[[Musa alinsanaya]]
-	M. beccarii [see note]	+	[[Musa beccarii]] [see note]
-	M. boman	+	[[Musa boman]]
-	M. borneënsis	+	[[Musa borneënsis]]
-	M. bukensis	+	[[Musa bukensis]]
-	M. campestris	+	[[Musa campestris]]
-	M. coccinea [see note]	+	[[Musa coccinea]] [see note]
-	M. exotica [see note]	+	[[Musa exotica]] [see note]
-	M. fitzalanii [extinct]	+	[[Musa fitzalanii]] [extinct]
-	M. flavida	+	[[Musa flavida]]
-	M. gracilis	+	[[Musa gracilis]]
-	M. hirta [see note]	+	[[Musa hirta]] [see note]
-	M. insularimontana [see note]	+	[[Musa insularimontana]] [see note]
-	M. jackeyi	+	[[Musa jackeyi]]
-	M. johnsii	+	[[Musa johnsii]]
-	M. lawitiensis	+	[[Musa lawitiensis]]
-	M. lolodensis	+	[[Musa lolodensis]]
-	M. maclayi	+	[[Musa maclayi]]
-	M. monticola	+	[[Musa monticola]]
-	M. muluensis	+	[[Musa muluensis]]
-	M. paracoccinea	+	[[Musa paracoccinea]]
-	M. peekelii	+	[[Musa peekelii]]
-	M. pigmaea [see note]	+	[[Musa pigmaea]] [see note]
-	M. salaccensis	+	[[Musa salaccensis]]
-	M. splendida [see note]	+	[[Musa splendida]] [see note]
-	M. suratii [see note]	+	[[Musa suratii]] [see note]
-	M. textilis (see also Abacá)	+	[[Musa textilis]] (see also Abacá)
-	M. tuberculata	+	[[Musa tuberculata]]
-	M. violascens	+	[[Musa violascens]]

	===Section Musa===		===Section Musa===

MediaHound: /* Section Musa */

2007-01-02T02:58:27Z

Section Musa

←Older revision		Revision as of 02:58, 2 January 2007
Line 45:		Line 45:
	(incorporating Rhodochlamys)		(incorporating Rhodochlamys)

-	M. acuminata	+	[[Musa acuminata]]
-	M. angcorensis [see note]	+	[[Musa angcorensis]] [see note]
-	M. aurantiaca	+	[[Musa aurantiaca]]
-	M. balbisiana	+	[[Musa balbisiana]]
-	M. banksii [see note]	+	[[Musa banksii]] [see note]
-	M. basjoo [see note]	+	[[Musa basjoo]] [see note]
-	M. cheesmanii	+	[[Musa cheesmanii]]
-	M. flaviflora [see note]	+	[[Musa flaviflora]] [see note]
-	M. griersonii	+	[[Musa griersonii]]
-	M. itinerans	+	[[Musa itinerans]]
-	M. laterita	+	[[Musa laterita]]
-	M. mannii	+	[[Musa mannii]]
-	M. nagensium	+	[[Musa nagensium]]
-	M. ochracea	+	[[Musa ochracea]]
-	M. ornata [see note]	+	[[Musa ornata]] [see note]
-	M. rubra	+	[[Musa rubra]]
-	M. sanguinea	+	[[Musa sanguinea]]
-	M. schizocarpa	+	[[Musa schizocarpa]]
-	M. siamea [see note]	+	[[Musa siamea]] [see note]
-	M. sikkimensis	+	[[Musa sikkimensis]]
-	M. thomsonii [see note]	+	[[Musa thomsonii]] [see note]
-	M. velutina [see note]	+	[[Musa velutina]] [see note]
-	M. sp. 'Burmese Blue' [see note]	+	[[Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue']] [see note]
-	M. sp. 'VN1-054' [see note]	+	[[Musa sp. 'VN1-054']] [see note]

	Notes:		Notes:
Line 74:		Line 74:
	Musa angcorensis Gagnep. is poorly known and may not be a good species. It was placed very tentatively in section Callimusa but, if it exists at all, it is more likely to be section Musa.		Musa angcorensis Gagnep. is poorly known and may not be a good species. It was placed very tentatively in section Callimusa but, if it exists at all, it is more likely to be section Musa.

-	Musa banksii F. Muell. is generally considered to be a distinct species rather than a form of M. acuminata.	+	Musa banksii F. Muell. is generally considered to be a distinct species rather than a form of Musa acuminata.

	Musa beccarii Simmonds is reported as having a chromosome number of x (= 1n) = 9 and 10, the latter due to multivalent formation during meiosis. Although genetically it nestles comfortably within section Callimusa the chromosome number needs clarification.		Musa beccarii Simmonds is reported as having a chromosome number of x (= 1n) = 9 and 10, the latter due to multivalent formation during meiosis. Although genetically it nestles comfortably within section Callimusa the chromosome number needs clarification.
Line 84:		Line 84:
	Musa exotica Valmayor is newly described from Vietnam where it is known as Chuoi Rung Hoa Do. It has the correct chromosome number for section Callimusa.		Musa exotica Valmayor is newly described from Vietnam where it is known as Chuoi Rung Hoa Do. It has the correct chromosome number for section Callimusa.

-	Musa flaviflora Simmonds (one of the "parents" of M. ornata) should perhaps be treated as a sub-species of Musa acuminata Colla.	+	Musa flaviflora Simmonds (one of the "parents" of Musa ornata) should perhaps be treated as a sub-species of Musa acuminata Colla.

-	Musa hirta Becc. is a good species although poorly known and its affinities with M. beccarii suggest it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.	+	Musa hirta Becc. is a good species although poorly known and its affinities with Musa beccarii suggest it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.

-	Musa insularimontana Hayata endemic to a single island off Taiwan is poorly known. It is close to M. textilis and is perhaps vulnerable to reduction.	+	Musa insularimontana Hayata endemic to a single island off Taiwan is poorly known. It is close to Musa textilis and is perhaps vulnerable to reduction.

-	Musa ornata Roxb. seems to be a "secondary species", a relic of a hybrid swarm between M. flaviflora and M. velutina.	+	Musa ornata Roxb. seems to be a "secondary species", a relic of a hybrid swarm between Musa flaviflora and Musa velutina.

-	Musa pigmaea Hotta (nomen nudum as yet) is a good species although enigmatic. Its reported affinity with M. beccarii suggests it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.	+	Musa pigmaea Hotta (nomen nudum as yet) is a good species although enigmatic. Its reported affinity with Musa beccarii suggests it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.

-	Musa siamea (comb. nov) is placed here somewhat prematurely but based on recent genetic evidence is likely to be elevated from M. acuminata subsp. siamea.	+	Musa siamea (comb. nov) is placed here somewhat prematurely but based on recent genetic evidence is likely to be elevated from Musa acuminata subsp. siamea.

-	Musa splendida A. Chev. is poorly known and may not be a good species. A plant known as Chuoi gai, a name given by Chevalier for M. splendida, seems identical with M. paracoccinea but differs from Chevalier's description of M. splendida.	+	Musa splendida A. Chev. is poorly known and may not be a good species. A plant known as Chuoi gai, a name given by Chevalier for Musa splendida, seems identical with Musa paracoccinea but differs from Chevalier's description of Musa splendida.

	Musa thomsonii Noltie is a good species although very poorly known. However, seed has just become available commercially.		Musa thomsonii Noltie is a good species although very poorly known. However, seed has just become available commercially.
Line 102:		Line 102:
	Musa velutina Wendl. & Drude may be the same as Musa dasycarpa Kurz in which case the latter would have priority.		Musa velutina Wendl. & Drude may be the same as Musa dasycarpa Kurz in which case the latter would have priority.

-	Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue' is placed here deliberately provocatively. It has been reported as being M.acuminata and M. balbisiana but seems different from both.	+	Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue' is placed here deliberately provocatively. It has been reported as being Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana but seems different from both.

	Musa sp. 'VN1-054' is placed here rather speculatively. Known in Vietnam as Chuoi Rung Hoa Soan, it has been confused with Musa itinerans although differing in its remarkable imbricate male bud. That it is a hitherto unknown species is reported here for the first time.		Musa sp. 'VN1-054' is placed here rather speculatively. Known in Vietnam as Chuoi Rung Hoa Soan, it has been confused with Musa itinerans although differing in its remarkable imbricate male bud. That it is a hitherto unknown species is reported here for the first time.

MediaHound at 06:37, 28 October 2006

2006-10-28T06:37:46Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:37, 28 October 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	==Musa==
-	Brief intro about the genus.
-
	==Description==		==Description==
	The general description of the cultivar.		The general description of the cultivar.

MediaHound at 06:29, 28 October 2006

2006-10-28T06:29:52Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:29, 28 October 2006
Line 4:		Line 4:
	==Description==		==Description==
	The general description of the cultivar.		The general description of the cultivar.
-

	==Species List==		==Species List==
Line 109:		Line 108:

	Musa sp. 'VN1-054' is placed here rather speculatively. Known in Vietnam as Chuoi Rung Hoa Soan, it has been confused with Musa itinerans although differing in its remarkable imbricate male bud. That it is a hitherto unknown species is reported here for the first time.		Musa sp. 'VN1-054' is placed here rather speculatively. Known in Vietnam as Chuoi Rung Hoa Soan, it has been confused with Musa itinerans although differing in its remarkable imbricate male bud. That it is a hitherto unknown species is reported here for the first time.
		+
		+	===Cultivars===
		+
		+	[[Musa 'Ae Ae']]

	==External==		==External==
	*Links		*Links
	*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]		*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]

MediaHound: /* Species List */

2006-10-28T06:28:17Z

Species List

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:28, 28 October 2006
Line 7:		Line 7:

	==Species List==		==Species List==
-	List of species, each separated on a new line and linking to the respective page in the wiki.

		+	===Section Ingentimusa===
		+	from Papua New Guinea
		+
		+	Musa ingens
		+
		+	===Section Callimusa===
		+	(incorporating Australimusa)
		+
		+	M. alinsanaya
		+	M. beccarii [see note]
		+	M. boman
		+	M. borneënsis
		+	M. bukensis
		+	M. campestris
		+	M. coccinea [see note]
		+	M. exotica [see note]
		+	M. fitzalanii [extinct]
		+	M. flavida
		+	M. gracilis
		+	M. hirta [see note]
		+	M. insularimontana [see note]
		+	M. jackeyi
		+	M. johnsii
		+	M. lawitiensis
		+	M. lolodensis
		+	M. maclayi
		+	M. monticola
		+	M. muluensis
		+	M. paracoccinea
		+	M. peekelii
		+	M. pigmaea [see note]
		+	M. salaccensis
		+	M. splendida [see note]
		+	M. suratii [see note]
		+	M. textilis (see also Abacá)
		+	M. tuberculata
		+	M. violascens
		+
		+	===Section Musa===
		+	(incorporating Rhodochlamys)
		+
		+	M. acuminata
		+	M. angcorensis [see note]
		+	M. aurantiaca
		+	M. balbisiana
		+	M. banksii [see note]
		+	M. basjoo [see note]
		+	M. cheesmanii
		+	M. flaviflora [see note]
		+	M. griersonii
		+	M. itinerans
		+	M. laterita
		+	M. mannii
		+	M. nagensium
		+	M. ochracea
		+	M. ornata [see note]
		+	M. rubra
		+	M. sanguinea
		+	M. schizocarpa
		+	M. siamea [see note]
		+	M. sikkimensis
		+	M. thomsonii [see note]
		+	M. velutina [see note]
		+	M. sp. 'Burmese Blue' [see note]
		+	M. sp. 'VN1-054' [see note]
		+
		+	Notes:
		+
		+	Musa angcorensis Gagnep. is poorly known and may not be a good species. It was placed very tentatively in section Callimusa but, if it exists at all, it is more likely to be section Musa.
		+
		+	Musa banksii F. Muell. is generally considered to be a distinct species rather than a form of M. acuminata.
		+
		+	Musa beccarii Simmonds is reported as having a chromosome number of x (= 1n) = 9 and 10, the latter due to multivalent formation during meiosis. Although genetically it nestles comfortably within section Callimusa the chromosome number needs clarification.
		+
		+	Musa basjoo is the most cold hardy species of Musa, growing and fruiting successfully in outdoor cultivation in the British Isles and British Columbia.
		+
		+	Musa coccinea Andrews has been confirmed as the correct name for the plant often called Musa uranoscopos Lour. in the literature.
		+
		+	Musa exotica Valmayor is newly described from Vietnam where it is known as Chuoi Rung Hoa Do. It has the correct chromosome number for section Callimusa.
		+
		+	Musa flaviflora Simmonds (one of the "parents" of M. ornata) should perhaps be treated as a sub-species of Musa acuminata Colla.
		+
		+	Musa hirta Becc. is a good species although poorly known and its affinities with M. beccarii suggest it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.
		+
		+	Musa insularimontana Hayata endemic to a single island off Taiwan is poorly known. It is close to M. textilis and is perhaps vulnerable to reduction.
		+
		+	Musa ornata Roxb. seems to be a "secondary species", a relic of a hybrid swarm between M. flaviflora and M. velutina.
		+
		+	Musa pigmaea Hotta (nomen nudum as yet) is a good species although enigmatic. Its reported affinity with M. beccarii suggests it belongs with that species in section Callimusa.
		+
		+	Musa siamea (comb. nov) is placed here somewhat prematurely but based on recent genetic evidence is likely to be elevated from M. acuminata subsp. siamea.
		+
		+	Musa splendida A. Chev. is poorly known and may not be a good species. A plant known as Chuoi gai, a name given by Chevalier for M. splendida, seems identical with M. paracoccinea but differs from Chevalier's description of M. splendida.
		+
		+	Musa thomsonii Noltie is a good species although very poorly known. However, seed has just become available commercially.
		+
		+	Musa velutina Wendl. & Drude may be the same as Musa dasycarpa Kurz in which case the latter would have priority.
		+
		+	Musa sp. 'Burmese Blue' is placed here deliberately provocatively. It has been reported as being M.acuminata and M. balbisiana but seems different from both.
		+
		+	Musa sp. 'VN1-054' is placed here rather speculatively. Known in Vietnam as Chuoi Rung Hoa Soan, it has been confused with Musa itinerans although differing in its remarkable imbricate male bud. That it is a hitherto unknown species is reported here for the first time.

	==External==		==External==
	*Links		*Links
	*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]		*Example: [http://www.bananas.org International Banana Society]

MediaHound: /* Genus Name */

2006-10-28T06:12:44Z

Genus Name

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:12, 28 October 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	==Genus Name==	+	==Musa==
-	Name of the Genus in heading, a brief intro about the genus in text.	+	Brief intro about the genus.
-		+

	==Description==		==Description==