Lodewijkp

How does embryo rescue work, im searching the internet but cant find really solid information.

maybe you guys know something.
greeeeetz

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taroking

I have never tried it but I will try to explain it. The seeds are carefully opened in a sterile environment, and the embryo removed. the embryo would then be cultured on Phytogel or similar material with appropriate nutrient and hormones added. The process is similar to tissue culture at this point. It must remain sterile during the germination process. With Musaceae, dormancy breaking (alternating temps, hormones etc) can be eliminated using embryo rescue. this is a very basic explanation. I hope it helped
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inkcube

Techniques were developed in the early 1900´s enabling unripe seed or embryo´s from adult plants to be rescued and to
form small plants. This was done mainly with seed which had a very long dormancy period. With continuing developments in tissue culture this technique was used to save embryos from ovules, which had been fertilized but had never developed into viable seed on the mother plant. Initially, complete ovaries were put in tissue culture whereby seedlings were obtained from embryos which would have died in a later stage of development. Saving embryos that died in an early stage of development came at a later stage, resulting in high-tech ovule- and embryo-culture techniques. Often a combination of these techniques is used: parts of the ovaries are put in tissue culture following which ovule and/or embryo culture is applied. there are 4 basic techniques used;

(1) Ovary Slice Culture. The ovary is transversely sectioned into 6-8 slices of 3-4 mm thickness and polarly placed on the ovary slice culture medium,

(2) Ovule with Placenta Culture. Ovules with placenta are excised from ovaries and incubated on MS medium, ovules are excised individually from placenta and cultured on ovule culture medium,

(3) Young Single Ovule culture. young ovules are excised from ovaries without placenta and ovary tissue and incubated on a Murishige & Skoog medium until germination, and finally

(4) Embryo/embryo Sac culture method. Embryo and/or embryo sacs are removed from the ovules under a dissecting microscope and cultured on the embryo culture medium until germination, depending on genotype.

embryo rescue requires sterile tissue culture conditions & chemicals and can be difficult and time consuming

mskitty38583

this is used for the rare bananas? or do they use this for all bananas?

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inkcube

it can be done for any plant but is generally done for difficult plants, valuable plants that don't reproduce well or to create new hybrids from plants that genrally would not hybridize. embryo-rescue techniques has been significant in the acquisition of interspecific and intergeneric hybrids and many of the new lily hybrids are obtained from this technique. not sure how much it is done in Musa, i haven't done any musa rescue - i have only done it with lily and hard to create hybrids.

mskitty38583

that is very interesting.

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51st state

yes, very interesting, I'd love to see Ingens and Griersonii in cultivation.

and has anyone germinated an Ensete Perrieri yet? or is it an urban myth?

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Tropicallvr

I don't want to be a nay sayer, but Musa doesn't seem to have the typical embryo. On most seeds when you break it open there is a recognizeable embryo. On Musa, Ensete, and Heliconia there is little more than shell, white starch(waiting for activation), and a jell like plug being the barrier to the outside. Maybe the white starchy substance can be used, but it hardly seems like good plant material compared to other embryos that are in the plant world.

Gabe15

Banana embryos are actually quite easy to find and easily removable, and the practice of germinating them in vitro is very routine in breeding. It looks like a little yellowish-offwhite mushroom sitting right below the "hole" in the seed.





This picture is kind of poor, but it is 2 Ensete glaucum embryos germination on my windowsill, the smallest one is the 3rd one which did not germinate (appearently due to mild contamination perhaps). This was just for fun, its using normal micropropagation subculture medium instead of something that would better develop a seedling, but it seems to have gotten them to start growing at least, they began to develop about 4 days after initiation and over 3 years after purchase. In this photo they are about 15 days old and each is forming shoots (one has split into 2 shoots actually and is the first to start growing some roots as well).

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Gabe15

Here's a better picture.

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Tropicallvr

Nice, thanks for the picture tour Gabe.
I didn't realize that that plug was actually the embryo, and I guess the starch is just food for the embryo to grow off of.
Are you planning on trying M.ingens or E. perrieri? I have some E.perrieri seeds if you want to give them a try.

Gabe15

When I really start getting into it early next year, seed donations will be gladly excepted. The aim would be to get them germinated and then further subculture/micropropagate each embryo so that multiple plants can be derived from one embryo, since they will be in tissue culture it will be easier to get them back to the mainland and share with everyone.

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Lodewijkp

thanks for all the information guys

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