attempt to breed cold hardy fruiting bananas
I’m trying to breed a banana that can fruit outdoors in the PNW, specifically Seattle, and would love some feedback on my plan and the varieties/species I intend to use for it. Seattle is on the border between zone 8b and 9a, my microclimate is basically 9a. Seattle also has a cool growing season that never quite reaches the warmth that most bananas prefer.
In order to develop a banana that can fruit under these conditions I think the most realistic strategy is to develop a banana who’s pseudostem can survive the winter and fruit in its second year. I’d prefer a banana that can fruit in one growing season, but I don’t think that’s as realistic in this climate. Fruiting in as little as two years will probably be difficult enough in this climate. Regardless of which goal I’m aiming for I’m gonna want a banana that grows fast in cool weather, is cold hardy, and fruits quickly so the process to get threw will probably be the same.
Here are the bananas that I have obtained so far.
-blue java for cold hardiness
-Goldfinger for cold hardiness
-cardaba for cold hardiness
-manzano for cold hardiness
-dwarf Orinoco for cold hardiness and fast fruit
-california gold for cold hardiness and fast fruit
I had some trouble finding good info on some of these varieties so I’m not 100% sure they have the qualities I think they have or that they're fertile enough for me to use. I’m also not sure how well any of them grow in cool weather. In addition to those I also have a few wild bananas
-Musa basjoo. This seems like a really good option in terms of cold hardiness and growing quickly in cold weather. This grows a lot bigger and takes longer to flower and fruit than what I’d prefer. Unfortunately it’s not very closely related to acuminata or balbisiana so I’m not sure if it’s even possible to create a hybrid.
-Mekong giant(Musa itenerans Var. xishuangbannaensis). This seems like another really good candidate in terms of cold tolerance and growing quickly in cool weather. This grows a lot bigger and takes longer to flower and fruit than what I’d prefer. A hybrid referred to as Musa × formobisiana has been successfully created between Musa itinerans var. formosana and Musa balbisiana indicating that a successful hybrid is possible. Hopefully the difference in subspecies between the parent of that hybrid and the plant I have isn’t in issue.
-Musa velutina. I’m mostly interested in how quickly it flowers and fruits. I haven't done any research on what sort of hybridizations are possible, but given how closely related it is to acuminata and balbisiana Im hopeful that it will cross easily
-Three bananas that I grew from seeds are described as a “dwarf chinese banana”. I’ve seen multiple discussions about how there’s no such thing as a dwarf chinese banana from seed so I’m not really sure what I have. Whatever it is, it has managed to grow at a decent rate with low’s in the high 30’s and high’s in the low 50’s so it'll be useful to this project.
Last winter I was able to keep the three mystery bananas inside and they continued to put out growth over the winter, especially once I upgraded and expanded my grow lights. Based on this I think I’ll be able to get the smaller varieties and species to fruit. For the larger varieties I’m hoping that I figure something out before it becomes an issue. If anyone has any recommendations on varieties or species I don't have that might be well suited for this I’d love to hear them.
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